Brightness
The level of luminance a TV can achieve affects how it performs in well-lit rooms and how it presents brightly lit programming. LCD TVs with optical films excel in both areas because they produce a high level of brightness. Conversely, plasma displays and CRT rear-projection TVs can highlight bright parts of an image – such as gunfire at night – but have difficulty making the entire screen bright.
Built-in Tuners
Not all TVs have them, so if you want to receive over-the-air broadcasts, including HDTV ones, make sure your new TV has an integrated digital (ATSC) tuner. Otherwise, an external digital cable box or satellite receiver many be all you need.
Comb Filters
TVs use a comb filter to maintain detail in analog TV signals by separating color and luminance. Comb filters are not needed for digital signals, such as those from satellite TV or digital cable, but they are used for signals coming in via a composite video connection. A low-quality input with broad capabilities, composite video is used for VCRs, older DVD players and game consoles.
Contrast Ratio
A very important aspect of picture quality, contrast ratio reflects the darkest and lightest light values a display can produce at the same time. Almost always, high contrast ratio (such as 500:1) equals high picture quality. In a well-lit room, glare degrades contrast ratio. Unlike plasma displays, which tend to reflect light, LCD TV screens reduce glare by naturally absorbing light. Be aware when you are comparing contrast ratios among TV technologies that manufacturers sometimes manipulate conditions in order to inflate their contrast ratios. Your best bet is to rely on unbiased test results. This site, for instance, uses findings from an independent and industry-recognized research group.
Inputs/Connections
The types of TV video inputs determine which sources you can use with a display. Just some inputs to be aware of are S-Video, component video and DVI. It is more important, though, to know if a TV has inputs for your PC, digital camera or DVD player
Power Consumption
You may not picture your electric bill when you think about TVs. Yet you may be interested in knowing that plasma displays use much more electricity than energy-efficient LCD TVs1.
Resolution
As the resolution of a display goes up, generally so does the picture detail. Resolution is determined by the number of pixels and is specified by the number of pixel columns by pixel rows. An HDTV widescreen display in the 720p format has a minimum resolution of 1280 by 720. Other digital formats are 480p (852 by 480) and high-definition 1080i (1920 by 1080) and 1080p (1920 by 1080). The “p” in 720p, 480p and 1080p stands for progressive scan, which paints a picture on a screen on a line-by-line basis. The “i” in 1080i refers to interlace technology, which creates a picture on an every-other-line basis, filling in the other lines a split second later.
Response Time
Fast movement, such as a man turning his head quickly, can appear jerky or fragmented on a TV that does not have a quick enough response time. To avoid such disconcerting images, look for displays with a response time of 12 milliseconds (ms) or less. LCD TV technology has been marked by slow response time. Although it is not the problem it once was, many displays still cannot react quickly enough to seamlessly showing sudden movement. When shopping for an LCD TV, check specifications for response times and try to watch fast action on the models that interest you.
Viewing Angle
When you’re looking at TVs, inspect the picture from all angles. Most TVs look great viewed head-on, but the pictures of some, notably rear-projection units, diminish in quality as you move to the sides. Before you go shopping, make sure to Compare TV Technologies.
Speakers and Sound
TVs come with built-in speakers, with detachable ones and with no audio source at all in the case of some plasma displays. Higher quality TVs can produce very good stereo sound, but you may opt for a true surround sound system.
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